LINQ to Twitter is an open source 3rd party LINQ Provider for the Twitter micro-blogging service. It uses standard LINQ syntax for queries and includes method calls for changes via the Twitter API.
What took me long to figure out was the way twitter has implemented authentication using OAuth. Before you do anything, make sure you read the Learning to use OAuth document.
In my example, I used Single User Authorization. Single User Authorization is designed for scenarios where you'll only ever have one account accessing Twitter. i.e. if your Web site does periodic Twitter updates, regardless of user or you have a server that monitors general information.
Before we begin coding, we'll need to set-up this authorization scheme on twitter & generate certain tokens as shown below:
Start by creating a twitter account that your application will be using to access Twitter. This is easy-peasy. Log on to https://twitter.com/ and setup your account. I've created a dummy account for this (_roehit).
Once your account is setup, navigate to https://dev.twitter.com and sign in with your twitter credentails.
You now need to create an application. This can be done at https://dev.twitter.com/apps by clicking "Create a new application".
You need to enter your application details. You need a Name, Description & a Website (Your application's publicly accessible home page). You can add a Callback URL but its not really required. (Note: The name can't include the word "twitter".)
Remember to agree to the terms and conditions.
You should now get directed to the application page. By default, the first tab ("Details" tab) is visible. You must click the "Api Keys" tab and then click the "Create my access token" button (you will need to scroll down). This in turn generates the access tokens (you may need to refresh the page). Your Keys and Access Tokens should now be available for use.
Once created, navigate to the "OAutth tool" tab to view your OAuth Settings. We will need the generated tokens for our applications. (Note: My tokens are crossed out to maintain their integrity.)
Take note of the following tokens as we will need these later:
- Consumer key
- Consumer secret
- Access token
- Access token secret
Now we begin coding. In this example we've created a simple C# console application.
Start by creating a new project. Choose the "Console Application" template.
Use NuGet to add the linqtotwitter package to our application.
And now add the code shown below:
/// <summary>
/// Controls the flow of the program.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="args">The args.</param>
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// This is a super simple example that
// retrieves the latest tweets of a given
// twitter user.
// SECTION A: Initialise local variables
Console.WriteLine("SECTION A: Initialise local variables");
// Access token goes here .. (Please generate your own)
const string accessToken = "Access token goes here .. (Please generate your own)";
// Access token secret goes here .. (Please generate your own)
const string accessTokenSecret = "Access token secret goes here .. (Please generate your own)";
// Api key goes here .. (Please generate your own)
const string consumerKey = "Api key goes here .. (Please generate your own)";
// Api secret goes here .. (Please generate your own)
const string consumerSecret = "Api secret goes here .. (Please generate your own)";
// The twitter account name goes here
const string twitterAccountToDisplay = "roeburg";
// SECTION B: Setup Single User Authorisation
Console.WriteLine("SECTION B: Setup Single User Authorisation");
var authorizer = new SingleUserAuthorizer
{
CredentialStore = new InMemoryCredentialStore
{
ConsumerKey = consumerKey,
ConsumerSecret = consumerSecret,
OAuthToken = accessToken,
OAuthTokenSecret = accessTokenSecret
}
};
// SECTION C: Generate the Twitter Context
Console.WriteLine("SECTION C: Generate the Twitter Context");
var twitterContext = new TwitterContext(authorizer);
// SECTION D: Get Tweets for user
Console.WriteLine("SECTION D: Get Tweets for user");
var statusTweets = from tweet in twitterContext.Status
where tweet.Type == StatusType.User &&
tweet.ScreenName == twitterAccountToDisplay &&
tweet.IncludeContributorDetails == true &&
tweet.Count == 10 &&
tweet.IncludeEntities == true
select tweet;
// SECTION E: Print Tweets
Console.WriteLine("SECTION E: Print Tweets");
PrintTweets(statusTweets);
Console.ReadLine();
}
/// <summary>
/// Prints the tweets.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="statusTweets">The status tweets.</param>
/// <exception cref="System.NotImplementedException"></exception>
private static void PrintTweets(IQueryable<Status> statusTweets)
{
foreach (var statusTweet in statusTweets)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("\n\nTweet From [{0}] at [{1}]: \n-{2}",
statusTweet.ScreenName,
statusTweet.CreatedAt,
statusTweet.Text));
Thread.Sleep(1000);
}
}
This should now display the last 10 tweets for the specified user.
A copy of the project is available at http://1drv.ms/NPUIVW (download the Linq2Twitter zip). This is a Visual Studio 2013 Console Application with a target framework of .NET 4.5.1 using LinqToTwitter package verison 3.0.2.
Disclaimer: The code shown above is quite crude & includes no error handling of any sort. This is just to give you a starting point. You can extend the functionality as you desire.
